Naturalization usually requires permanent residence, physical presence, good moral character, English/civics testing, and a successful USCIS interview.
Informational content only. Immigration rules, fees, forms, and agency timing can change.
Before filing N-400
Applicants should review residence history, travel, taxes, selective service, criminal history, marital history, and prior immigration records before filing.
Testing and exceptions
Some applicants may qualify for age/residence-based English exemptions or disability-based exceptions. These should be documented carefully.
Naturalization review checklist
| Topic | What to review |
|---|---|
| Residence | Permanent residence date, continuous residence, and physical presence |
| Travel | Trips outside the United States and long absences |
| Good moral character | Taxes, arrests, citations, support, and truthful filings |
| Testing | English/civics requirements and any exemption or exception |
Review basic eligibility
Confirm the required permanent residence period, physical presence, continuous residence, and good moral character facts.
Prepare the N-400 record
Review travel, tax, marriage, criminal, selective service, and prior immigration history before filing.
Prepare for interview and testing
Applicants should prepare for the English/civics requirements, interview questions, and document review.
Timeline
Naturalization timing depends on USCIS processing times, interview scheduling, background checks, RFEs, and oath ceremony availability.
Filing costs and legal fees
USCIS N-400 filing fees can change and some applicants may qualify for a fee waiver or reduced fee. Legal fees are discussed after reviewing the facts.
When to contact an attorney
- You traveled outside the United States for long periods.
- You have arrests, citations, unpaid taxes, support issues, or selective service questions.
- You are unsure whether you qualify for an English exemption or disability exception.
- You are worried about a mistake or omission in a prior immigration filing.
Common questions
Can a naturalization application create risk?
Yes. USCIS reviews the applicant's immigration history. Prior issues can surface during naturalization, so it is important to review risk before filing.
What should I bring to a naturalization consultation?
Bring your green card, travel history, tax history, marriage history, any criminal records, and copies of prior immigration filings if available.
Next step
Talk through your situation with an attorney.
Immigration outcomes depend on your history, timing, and evidence. Gather relevant documents before contacting us so the conversation can be more useful.